Drug Reactions (Skin)

The specific type of rash depends on the drug or medicine that is causing the reaction. Drug reactions can be difficult to diagnose especially if your child is taking more than one medicine. Skin rashes are common in childhood and many drug-related skin reactions mimic other skin irritations.

Symptoms of drug reactions on the skin are generally mild but can sometimes be more serious. Symptoms include:

• Red, itchy rash
• Hives
• Dry, cracked skin
• Acne-like eruptions
• Changes in skin color (brown or gray patches may appear)
• Peeling skin
• Swelling
• Tingling
• Tissue death (necrosis)

The most common drugs that cause skin reactions in children are antibiotics and anti-seizure medicines. Rashes can occur shortly after a child starts to take a medicine. Most skin irritations appear after two weeks or more of using a specific medicine.

Diagnosis of Drug Reactions (Skin)

Pediatric dermatologists at Riley at IU Health may perform the following exams and tests to diagnose a drug reaction that affects the skin:

• Physical exam. A dermatologist will examine your child’s body and any rashes or skin irritations. The doctor will also check your child’s mouth, throat and eyes. The doctor will talk with you and your child about any new medicines he or she is taking, including when your child started using that medicine. You should also tell the dermatologist about all medicines your child uses.
• Blood test. A blood sample can check for levels of certain medicines in the blood as well as the body’s reaction to those medicines, such as in an allergic response. Blood work can also determine if an infection or other condition is present.
• Biopsy. A skin sample may be taken for further study. The doctor may determine the cause of the rash or rule out other reasons for the skin symptoms.