Dermoid Cysts & Other Periocular Tumors

There are two kinds of dermoids:

Orbital dermoids. An orbital dermoid is typically found under the skin, near the bones of the eye socket, at end of the eyebrow or next to the nose. The smooth, firm mass is often filled with a greasy, yellow material, but it is not tender to the touch. Orbital dermoids rarely cause vision loss, but they may gradually expand and often require removal.

Epibulbar dermoids. An epibulbar dermoid may be one of two types:

• A posterior epibulbar dermoid is a soft, yellow mass that molds to the shape of the eye and sometimes has small amounts of hair growing from it. These dermoids are usually found under the outer, upper eyelid and sometimes are visible only when lifting the eyelid or in certain gaze positions.
• A limbal dermoid is found on the cornea or where the cornea and sclera meet. These dermoids may be large enough to affect vision or change the shape of the cornea causing astigmatism, which can blur the image sent to the brain. As a result, the brain begins to ignore the blurred image and amblyopia (lazy eye) can develop. 

Epibulbar dermoids occur on the surface of the eye.

Diagnosis of Dermoid Cysts and Periocular Tumors

A physical exam usually reveals an orbital dermoid cyst. Ophthalmologists look for these signs:

• A rubbery growth above the eyebrow or next to the nose
• Droopy eyelid
• Inflammation

Deeper dermoids may need to be identified with other diagnostic tools like computed tomography. An examination by an experienced ophthalmologist at Riley at IU Health can determine the best treatment for each patient.